Temperature influences the rates of reaction through kinetic energy, such that high temperatures increase the kinetic energy of reacting molecules therefore causing frequent collisions, which form prod… previous 1 Copyright © 2003 - 2021 - UKEssays is a trading name of All Answers Ltd, a company registered in England and Wales. Hydrochloric acid (HCL) is a strong, colorless mineral acid used with many purposes. Temperature is a measure of the warmth or coldness of an object or substance with reference to some standard value. This is as shown in the equation below: 2HCl (aq) + Mg (s) => MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g). magnesium (Mg) is known as a chemical element with the atomic number of 12. This substance is produced in the stomach of the human it has the job to break down proteins. *You can also browse our support articles here >. The more active an element, the more inclined it is to react with other elements and to displace less active elements in … The silvery white solid is an abundant element found in the earth’s crust which was first discovered in 1755. For instance hydrogen bubbles block magnesium surface or blow the magnesium to the surface of the acid solution therefore, slowing down the reaction. Temperature can have many chemical reactions on experiments or natural substances. Plan an experiment to investigate the effect of decreasing the temperature on the rate of this reaction by measuring the volume of hydrogen produced. These include the presence or absence of catalyst, temperature, concentration, and surface area of reactants. Company Registration No: 4964706. Therefore, the errors were unidirectional therefore consistent. To test the differences between different temperatures and how quick the magnesium ribbon reacts to the hydrochloric acid. The chemical reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium produces magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas. Given that, the experiment was carried out under the same conditions, the data obtained are reliable and generalizable. During this experiment it was just expected in the hypothesis as the temperature went lower the slower the reaction time, that was also the only pattern noticed in the experiment. Magnesium (Mg) is known as a chemical element with the atomic number of 12. The task is to alter and record the different temperatures when magnesium ribbon is places hydrochloric acid. during the experiment, there was only one error which was the molecule strength was mixed up, instead of using the 1 molecule on 2 of the 40 ÌŠc tests we use 0.1 molecule this could have been avoided if we paid more attention to the equipment we used in the test. Therefore, this study intends to investigate the effect of concentration and surface area of reactants on the rate of chemical reactions. This is an exothermic reaction, meaning that the forming of the bonds MgCl2 and H2 gives off heat. The weight inconsistencies were small therefore, a low significance error, Use at least two sets of experiment to get average of results to minimize the impact of experimental errors. Dictionary.com, n.d. “h Pour 10 cm 3 into each test tube and put each of your different lengths of magnesium into each test tube. p137. Immediately cork the flask to the prepared gas delivery system. Reactants with high surface area provide a greater binding surface for other reacting molecules, and therefore increase the number of successful collisions at any moment. Magnesium metal (in form of a ribbon or powder) reacts with acids rapidly than water liberating hydrogen gas. For This Reaction, Explain The Sign Of AT For The Surroundings Write The Net Ionic Equation For This Reaction (iv) What Type Of Reaction … Web. The experiment will be carried at a room temperature 25 0C. Record which metal you add to each tube. Discard all the chemicals, wash, and rinse the conical flasks ready for another procedure. Any scientific information contained within this essay should not be treated as fact, this content is to be used for educational purposes only and may contain factual inaccuracies or be out of date. develop a relationship between the mass of magnesium reacted and the volume of gas generated. Although we had predicted and hypothesized that the duration of the reaction would be reduced by a half, the data partially supported the hypothesis since the data was 89.1% close to what we predicted. The ratio of the cumulative reaction duration above gives 104.8 sec/58.8 sec = 1.78. Standardized hydrochloric acid concentrations (3.0 M, 2.0 M, 1.5M, 1.0 M and 0.5M ). Pick one piece of Magnesium ribbon drop in the first prepared acid in the conical flask and immediately start your stopwatch. “h Time from when the magnesium … However, Barrans (2012) highlights that the reaction rate between magnesium metal and HCl follows first order kinetics. In acid-base chemical reactions, there are four main variables, which influence the rate of reaction. The same steps happened with the other temperatures, which were 60 C, 40 C, the room temperature (22 C) and the ice bath (6 C). Record your observations. Before anything was started, the whole method was reread and memorised so there was an understanding of the experiment. A student obtains two strips of magnesium, Mg, ribbon that are each 3 cm long. Both liquids are at room temperature. Hydrochloric acid (HCL) is a strong, colorless mineral acid used with many purposes. [2] (b) Give one observation expected during this reaction. Graph 1: Rate-reaction trends of magnesium metal ribbon and powder with increasing concentration of HCl, Calculations The magnesium is attacked by the hydrochloric acid resulting in the magnesium dissolving into the solution resulting in a solution of magnesium chloride in hydrochloric acid and the production of hydrogen gas. Reset your stopwatch timer and prepare a gas delivery system including water bath as shown figure one below. Hess’s Law states that the enthalpy of a reaction is the same, despite the order the steps of the reaction occurred. Cumulative average of reaction duration of: The temperature of two systems is the same when the systems are in thermal equilibrium. Chemistry for higher tier: New coordinated science. Disclaimer: This is an example of a student written essay.Click here for sample essays written by our professional writers. Magnesium and dilute hydrochloric acid react to produce magnesium chloride solution and hydrogen: #Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) -> MgCl_2(aq) + H_2(g)# What are two observations that could be made during the reaction? Make sure you put on your personal protective clothing and safety goggles. Therefore, considering concentration factor and surface are factor of reactants it is evident that the rate reaction curve trends would not be linear as expected, but rather exponential. Explain the reason for your prediction. Therefore, we sought to test the duration of reaction of equal lengths Magnesium ribbons with reducing concentrations of hydrochloric acid. The most rapid gas bubbles were observed in the acid reactions with powdered Magnesium metal. A real-world version of this experiment could be when cooking steak on a barbeque where the higher the temperature the faster the meat will cook. Caution: Hydrochloric acid is corrosive. Due to the human body it is important to a normal bone structure, magnesium is essential to disease prevention, low magnesium levels have been linked to some diseases such as osteoporosis, high blood pressure, diabetes, stroke, clogged arteries and heart disease. Also when the experiment is set in the ice bath, the reaction time will be much slower than the other temperature sets. Clark (2002) explains that, finely divided chemical solids have greater surface area than chemical solids in lumps. Magnesium ribbon = 37+51+77+158+201/S = 104.8 sec From the experimentation the aims of the experimentation have been achieved. the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid will be effected if we change the concentration of hydrochloric acid. We've received widespread press coverage since 2003, Your UKEssays purchase is secure and we're rated 4.4/5 on reviews.co.uk. Monitor the reaction progress closely and stop your running stopwatch when the Magnesium ribbon completely dissolves in the acid and record the reaction duration in seconds in a data sheet. Wrap the magnesium pieces immediately in an aluminum foil to prevent them from being re-oxidized. The experimentation procedures followed were standard for all the two sets of experiments conducted, including data collection mode. Do you have a 2:1 degree or higher? We also predict that reaction of powdered Magnesium metal with highest concentration of hydrochloric acid will take the shortest duration of reaction. Reaction of Magnesium with Hydrochloric Acid OUTCOMES After completing this experiment, the student should be able to: develop a procedure for generating and measuring a gas in a reaction. Once the PPE was suited up, all the equipment was checked to make sure there was nothing missing, so the experiment didn’t need to be paused just to get more equipment. Introduction In the experiment the magnesium reacts with the hydrochloric acid to … Repeat step 5 and 6 for 2M, 1.5M, 1M, and 0.5M HCL and keep all the acids ready on the working bench. Assume this reaction generates copper with a +2 charge. Today magnesium has many uses for example photography, fireworks, bombs and flares. Your teacher will demonstrate the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid, while you make observations. 1. 3. How will the magnesium ribbon react to the hydrochloric acid? CO2 is a gas which evolves in this reaction. Half-fill a medium-sized test tube with 2 M hydrochloric acid. Beryllium and magnesium These are just like the reactions with dilute hydrochloric acid, and you have probably been familiar with the reaction between magnesium and dilute sulphuric acid almost since you started doing chemistry. Barrans, R. E. (2012, March). Reaction of metals with oxygen Look at how magnesium reacts with oxygen: /**/ The use of a gas jar full of oxygen can be used to combust other metals. Surface Area and Rate of Reaction. While not exactly correct to do so, I'll write "heat" as a product of the reaction to read: Mg + 2HCl => MgCl2 + … Different temperatures can either increase or decrease the speed of the particles in liquids or gases, causing particles to collect more energy, and to collide and creating chemical reactions when temperature is increased. Chemical Reaction Observations Reaction Type Iron and copper (II) sulfate solution The iron turned a brownish red color Single displacement Lead (II) nitrate and potassium iodide solutions It went toward the bottom of the test tube, and the solution appeared as a thick opaque yellow Double displacement Magnesium metal and hydrochloric acid … Observations: Reactants: Products: Chemical Equation: 9. Magnesium powder = 16+24+48+89+117/S = 58.8 sec It is single replacement because the element magnesium is "replacing" the hydrogen in hydrochloric acid. No plagiarism, guaranteed! Study for free with our range of university lectures! All work is written to order. Acids will react with reactive metals, such as magnesium and zinc, to make a salt and hydrogen. Table 2. Student answers will vary. 6 CE 21 62521 3 The rate of reaction between magnesium and dilute hydrochloric acid can be followed by measuring the volume of hydrogen produced. 2. The balloon will expand to the same Monitors the reaction progress and stop the stopwatch when the Magnesium powder dissolves completely in the acid. This is a low significance error since we based mostly on the disappearance of magnesium into the acid rather than disappearance gas bubbles. Reaction of hydrochloric acid and magnesium and the test for hydrogen. 4. Looking for a flexible role? One strip of magnesium is placed in a test tube containing 5 mL of water, and the other strip is placed in a test tube containing 5 mL of hydrochloric acid, HCl. (2002). (a) Complete the boxes to identify the apparatus. 2.9K views View 3 Upvoters 17th Aug 2017 Prediction Temperature influences the rates of reaction through kinetic energy, such that high temperatures increase the kinetic energy of reacting molecules therefore causing frequent collisions, which form prod… (“Temperature.” Dictionary.com. At higher acid concentration, the rates of bubble forming were rapid than those in lower acid concentrations were. Add hydrochloric acid slowly and observe the reaction. Chemicals and Reagents Repeat step 16 with 2M, 1.5M, 1M, and 0.5M HCL and clearly label your results. this EEI (extended experimental investigation) has discussed the aim of the experiment, the method and the results of the experiment, also the errors of the investigation that will be made sure that the same errors will not be made in future experiments. When solid Mg reacts with HCl (hydrochloric acid), magnesium chloride (MgCl 2), … Increasing concentration of hydrochloric acid: This will be changed by changing dilution factor.Surface area of Magnesium ribbon: This will be changed by using Magnesium ribbons and powdered Magnesium metal in separate experiments. Reference this, Kiara Anderson, Laura Knott, Jackson Baker. If you need assistance with writing your essay, our professional essay writing service is here to help! It is located and used in many ways for example it is contain in toilet cleaners and used for clean the toilet. The higher the concentration of the acid the slower the reaction did not take place. Mass of magnesium reacted and the volume of gas generated water, and heat 2.0 M, 2.0,!: Venture House, Cross Street, Arnold, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, NG5 7PJ label the conical ready... Finely divided chemical solids have greater surface area than chemical solids in single lumps produce..., there are four main variables, which influence the rate of reaction for sample essays written our. Because the element magnesium is `` replacing '' the hydrogen in hydrochloric acid will take the shortest duration of will! Ascending to the hydrochloric acid in them is contain in toilet cleaners and used in ways! Step 16 with 2M, 1.5M, 1.0 M and 0.5M ) company registered in England and Wales 16 2M. Decreasing the temperature on the surface of the tubes with hydrochloric to form magnesium chloride and hydrogen another.... 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